Second Hand Smoke Essays - Smoking, Passive Smoking, Tobacco, Tar

Second Hand Smoke Second Hand Smoke In the 1950's and 60's scientists gave the people a lot of evidence on the deadly effects of smoking where the tobacco companies on the other hand tried to put the doubt in peoples minds through the campaigns to show that it is not all true. By the time people actually decided to take care of their health and finally saw how life-threatening smoking could be by real life examples, the tobacco companies already got rich from its sales. Nowadays, nobody doubts that firsthand smoke is deadly to your health and it causes lung cancer and heart disease in adults and asthma and bronchitis in children. Now the industry is onto the secondhand smoke. Scientists and researchers are representing a lot of evidence and research that has been done throughout the years showing that the secondhand smoke can also cause a lung cancer in nonsmokers. The study has been done of people who have been long exposed to secondhand smoke and it shows that 26 out of 33 published studies indicate a link between se condhand smoke and lung cancer. The study estimates that the people that were breathing secondhand smoke were 8 to 150 percent more likely to get lung cancer. The tobacco companies are trying to argue the facts and are still in serious debate about the health hazards of breathing a secondhand smoke. A lot of anti-smoking organizations are trying to turn smoking in public into a private activity that does not have to involve nonsmokers breathing secondhand smoke. What is even more important is that many of these organizations convinced a lot of smokers to cut back or quit completely. The problem of secondhand smoke is increasing because it is so common in our society. It makes secondhand smoke the third-ranking cause of lung cancer among nonsmokers. Mothers who live with a smoking spouse have to realize the ill effects of secondhand smoke on children even before they are born. The smoking components reach the developing fetus through the mother. Infants that are born in a smoking env ironment weigh less and have a weaker chance of becoming a fully developed child. Secondhand smoke leads to blood clots and damages arterial linings which are the two most leading factors in the development of heart disease. The tobacco companies got scared of the effect that the secondhand smoke research can do to the cigarette makers. The tobacco companies started their own secret studies on how to fight the growing success of antismoking activists. They are trying to show the people that there is no definite evidence to prove that the secondhand smoke can cause lung cancer or any other diseases that the scientists accuse it of. The tobacco industry is trying to influence the science by commissioning a research from sympathetic scientists and sponsoring scientific meetings where they try to carefully bring out their point of view and publish the results in the medical literature. Only 4 percent of the articles that were published from the meetings that were sponsored by the tobacc o industry said that the secondhand smoke was unhealthy. The debate on secondhand smoke has reached the boiling point. When different scientists are using different study designs and different researches and still come up with the same result, it is time to start paying more serious attention to secondhand smoke. When the human evidence is combined with the laboratory experiments showing that the secondhand smoke can cause cancer it is impossible to ignore it any longer. The nonsmokers should have the right to breathe smoke-free air. It is important to have restrictions on where people are allowed to smoke and in particular to keep the work place as a smoke-free environment. The declining rates of smoking show that people can actually quit. Everybody should make an effort to quit for the sake of the people they love. Health Care

Argumentative Essay on Banning Tobacco Is It Effective

Argumentative Essay on Banning Tobacco Is It Effective Free sample argumentative essay on Banning Tobacco: There are many ways to stop people from using drugs such as tobacco instead of prohibition there are infinite possibilities that you can do to stop people from drinking or smoking. Whether we like it or not we can not stop everyone from drinking or smoking and that’s the same as not being able to prevent what happens to innocent civilians like how a drunk driver can hit your child. Or you can’t stop the effects of drugs like tobacco which influence you in a really bad way which leads to poor judgments. So you really have no control over someone else’s life not to do drugs. Well, there are ways to help prevent it but it’s really not anyone’s choice if you can drink or smoke. One way to help prevent people from wanting to take tobacco is to make laws that prohibit if you abuse the ability to take drugs too much. Well I think there is a law like that but if you make it worse like making a longer prison period or a larger payment fee it may work. Some people think there is nothing left for them in this life or they got nothing to lose if they do drugs so we should help those people out and try to force help upon them even though we can’t. I really think no matter what we do people will continue to smoke or take drugs because no matter what happens people still took drugs we banned many illegal drugs on the street. Even if there is a law or chance to get arrested people take that chance and risk it all for a couple minutes of pleasure people think drugs are the answer if all else didn’t help so that is why they turn to drugs. So no matter what law we come up with or anything else we try to do to stop drugs there is no guarantee all of it will go away so no matter what drugs are here to stay. So have hope, maybe you can save one or two lives but not every ones. So one person can make all the difference for you so drugs are going to always be a problem no matter what anyone’s opinion is.

The (PSP) Pennsylvania State Police was the model for the (DSP) Research Paper

The (PSP) Pennsylvania State Police was the model for the (DSP) Delaware State Police - Research Paper Example The labor struggles related to mines and steel mills were the initial reason that Pennsylvania decided to organize an official police force with statewide jurisdiction during the early 1900s. (PSP-HEMC, 2011) As the Pennsylvania State Police Historical, Educational and Memorial Center writes in their history of the force: â€Å"The turning point came in 1902 with what became known as The Great Anthracite Strike. It began May 15 and lasted until October 23. The violence disrupted the peace of seven counties and caused a nationwide coal shortage, driving up the price of anthracite coal. The strike did not end until President Theodore Roosevelt intervened. During the strike's aftermath, it was finally recognized that peace and order should be maintained by regularly appointed and responsible officers employed by the public. This led to the formation of the Pennsylvania State Police.† (PSP-HEMC, 2011) Initially there was fear among organized labor and other liberal parts of societ y that the Pennsylvania State Police force would be used as â€Å"a private army,† and because of this the initial force was limited to around 225 men divided into four divisions and tasked with the security of the state. (PSP-HEMC, 2011) These four initial divisions were related to the geographical areas: Troop A, Greensburg Troop B,. Wilkes ­Barre (later moved to Wyoming) Troop C, Reading Troop D, Punxsutawney . The historical society also reports that the Pennsylvania State Police force was originally limited to unmarried men, and this continued until after WWII. (PSP-HEMC, 2011) The four troop divisions were commanded by a Police Superintendent and under the authority of the Governor of the State of Pennsylvania. Within 20 years of its founding, the size of the PSP doubled due to the need for police with the increasing population and modernization of the country. In 1920, the PSP instituted a Police Training Academy and bought a number of motorcycles for the officers to use in policing the long distances of the districts. These characteristics can be seen as identifying the important aspects of the Pennsylvania State Police: The use of uniforms, badges, weapons, & other symbols of authority similar to the Army. The use of military organization and command structures within the police force. The jurisdictional recognition of authority and the limitation of powers to a district. The use of training academies to recruit and drill members in the standards of the group. The use of motorcycles and motor vehicles to patrol the area the force is tasked to enforce. In viewing these characteristics as fundamental to the model on which the Pennsylvania State Police force was formed and operated, it can be seen how other states modeled their own police forces on this same pattern during the early part of the 20th century. Pennsylvania’s political and cultural influence was stronger over the rest of the country during that era than it is now, with the w ealth of steel and mining generating swift economic growth and population expansion. Other states looked to Pennsylvania for leadership and the labor struggles there would influence the union movement in other parts of the country as well. Mines and factories had used Pinkertons as a type of organized private police force to combat organized labor strikes and riots, but as the economic interests of the industrialists were ingrained in the political authority of the governor, they could also trust the State to protect their capital

Current policy intervention relevant to adult social care and its Essay

Current policy intervention relevant to adult social care and its impact on one of the groups - Essay Example The objective of this report is to define how the Valuing People white paper offers new opportunities while at the same time issuing solutions to existing problems in the implementation of the recommendations, so that adults with learning disabilities including their families can live complete and independent lives as part of their local communities. The report is aimed at the concerned government agencies and advocacy groups involved in implementing the white paper, particularly the National Health Service and the national Directorate of People with Learning Disabilities. The report covers the historical treatment of people with learning disabilities, especially how state sponsored care practises influenced the formulation of Valuing People policy intervention. Secondly, a critical evaluation of the white paper strengths and weaknesses on the wellbeing of people with disabilities is provided, based on existing literature, government reports and accounts of people undergoing the services offered under the policy intervention. The report uses various local learning disability services in England by evaluating their guidelines, policy implementation and practises. Finally, the report provides solutions to the weaknesses affecting the users of the services provided under the Valuing People intervention. A key limitation of the report is that, it did not interview in person individuals with learning disabilities, and as such these findings cannot be entirely generalized to the wider UK community. The De Prerogative Regis of 1334 was the first legal effort by the England crown state in administering community based care for individuals having learning disabilities (Puri, 2005, p.2) Even before the industrial revolution, the society did not recognize the fact that individuals with learning disabilities should be supported to live their own lives, as workers, parents, tenants or even home owners (Race, 2002, p. 24). Since they were

Economic resources Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Economic resources - Essay Example These core resources serve all living beings by producing a variety of useful goods and services. Few examples are food (produced by plants and other agriculture crops), medicinal plants, transportation media, breathing air, picturesque views, oils, minerals etc from earth's mantle etc. IN-APPROPRIABLE RESOURCES that are used free of price and are costly to the society of living beings. They result in EXTERNINALITIES i.e. situations in which production or consumption imposes uncompensated benefits or costs on other living beings. MECHANISM is a system of controlled interactions of various inputs to produce useful outputs. Mechanism, as applied to PRICE can be understood as a system of interactive processes between needs of prospective consumers and prevailing /possible future market trends. Price mechanism, also called market mechanism is the basis to decide/determine resource allocation, types, quantity, quality of goods and services to be produced. Human wants and desires do not have any boundaries, once their basic needs of FOOD, CLOTHING and SHELTER are fulfilled. Wants/desires appear to be needs depending on the living environment. They are continually dynamic without any limits and influence the trends of market supply and demand chain configurations. Prices are agreed expressions of the value of products/services for exchange and every society that allows exchanges has prices. Inter relation of individual prices results in the existence of a price system. A variety of economic forces bind the prices to form a price structure. Price mechanism is a means to organize an economic activity by meaningfully linking the decisions of consumers, producers and holders of productive resources across the globe. In the modern economy, it enables economic agents to meet

Traits of a Leader

Traits of a Leader Leaders do not command excellence, they build excellence. Excellence is being all you can be within the bounds of doing what is right for your organization. To reach excellence you must first be a leader of good character. You must do everything you are supposed to do. Organizations will not achieve excellence by figuring out where it wants to go, then having leaders do whatever they have to in order to get the job done, and then hope their leaders acted with good character. This type of thinking is backwards. Pursuing excellence should not be confused with accomplishing a job or task. When you do planning, you do it by backwards planning. But you do not achieve excellence by backwards planning. Excellence starts with leaders of good and strong character who engage in the entire process of leadership. And the first process is being a person of honorable personality. Character develops over time. Many think that much of a persons character is formed early in life. However, we do not know exactly how much or how early character develops. But, it is safe to claim that character does not change quickly. A persons observable behavior is an indication of her character. This behavior can be strong or weak, good or bad. A person with strong character shows drive, energy, determination, self-discipline, willpower, and nerve. She sees what she wants and goes after it. She attracts followers. On the other hand, a person with weak character shows none of these traits. She does not know what she wants. Her traits are disorganized, she vacillates and is inconsistent. She will attract no followers. A strong person can be good or bad. A gang leader is an example of a strong person with a bad character, while an outstanding community leader is one with both strong and good characteristics. An organization needs leaders with both strong and good characteristics, people who will guide them to the future and show that they can be trusted To be an effective leader, your followers must haveÂÂ  trustÂÂ  in you and they need to be sold on your vision. Korn-Ferry International, an executive search company, performed a survey on what organizations want from their leaders. The respondents said they wanted people who were bothÂÂ  ethicalÂÂ  and who convey aÂÂ  strong visionÂÂ  of the future. In any organization, a leaders actions set the pace. This behavior wins trust, loyalty, and ensures the organizations continued vitality. One of the ways to build trust is to display a good sense of character composed of beliefs, values, skills, and traits (U.S. Army Handbook, 1973): BeliefsÂÂ  are what we hold dear to us and are rooted deeply within us. They could be assumptions or convictions that you hold true regarding people, concepts, or things. They could be the beliefs about life, death, religion, what is good, what is bad, what is human nature, etc. ValuesÂÂ  are attitudes about the worth of people, concepts, or things. For example, you might value a good car, home, friendship, personal comfort, or relatives. Values are important as they influence a persons behavior to weigh the importance of alternatives. For example, you might value friends more than privacy, while others might be the opposite. SkillsÂÂ  are the knowledge and abilities that a person gains throughout life. The ability to learn a new skill varies with each individual. Some skills come almost naturally, while others come only by complete devotion to study and practice. TraitsÂÂ  are distinguishing qualities or characteristics of a person, while character is the sum total of these traits. There are hundreds of personality traits, far too many to be discussed here. Instead, we will focus on a few that are crucial for a leader. The more of these you display as a leader, the more your followers will believe and trust in you. Traits of a Good Leader Compiled by the Santa Clara University and the Tom Peters Group: Honest ÂÂ  Display sincerity, integrity, and candor in all your actions. Deceptive behavior will not inspire trust. Competent ÂÂ  Base your actions on reason and moral principles. Do not make decisions based on childlike emotional desires or feelings. Forward-looking ÂÂ  Set goals and have a vision of the future. The vision must be owned throughout the organization. Effective leaders envision what they want and how to get it. They habitually pick priorities stemming from their basic values. Inspiring ÂÂ  Display confidence in all that you do. By showing endurance in mental, physical, and spiritual stamina, you will inspire others to reach for new heights. Take charge when necessary. Intelligent ÂÂ  Read, study, and seek challenging assignments. Fair-minded ÂÂ  Show fair treatment to all people. Prejudice is the enemy of justice. Display empathy by being sensitive to the feelings, values, interests, and well-being of others. Broad-minded ÂÂ  Seek out diversity. Courageous ÂÂ  Have the perseverance to accomplish a goal, regardless of the seemingly insurmountable obstacles. Display a confident calmness when under stress. Straightforward -ÂÂ  Use sound judgment to make a good decisions at the right time. Imaginative ÂÂ  Make timely and appropriate changes in your thinking, plans, and methods. Show creativity by thinking of new and better goals, ideas, and solutions to problems. Be innovative! Perspectives of Character and Traits Traits (acronym JJ did tie buckle) Justice Judgment Dependability Initiative Decisiveness Tact Integrity Enthusiasm Bearing Unselfishness Courage Knowledge Loyalty Endurance Are managers leaders? Are leaders managers? Managers need to be leaders.ÂÂ  .ÂÂ  . their workers need vision and guidance! On the other hand, leaders need to be good managers of the resources entrusted to them. A leader is a dealer in hope.ÂÂ   Napoleon BonaparteÂÂ   When leaders are chosen, everyone wants them to live up to their expectations. A lot of hopes are pinned on them to bring about change and reform, for the betterment of the field they belong to. But what exactly goes into the making of a good leader? There are many things that determine if a leader will be good or not, the most important being his/her characteristics. Some of the characteristics of a good leader are acquired throughÂÂ  leadership training, development and experience while the others are in born. Those leaders who have in born traits of good leadership are usually the ones who assert successful leadership. Not much can be done to make a good leader, it is always easier ifÂÂ  effective leadershipÂÂ  comes naturally to him/her. Since there are so manyÂÂ  leadership rolesÂÂ  that they are expected to carry out, it is essential for them to display, if not all, at least a few characteristics of good leaders. Characteristics of a Good Leader Whether it isÂÂ  team leadership,ÂÂ  corporate leadershipÂÂ  orÂÂ  global leadership, the basic traits of a good leader remain common. Additional positive characteristics may be required, depending upon their field of work. Here are some of the characteristics of a good leader. Self Leadership: This is probably the most important characteristic of a good leader. It asserts that only when a leader leads himself towards excellence, will he be able to lead his followers on the same path.ÂÂ   Personal Leadership: This is aÂÂ  that is commonly observed in good leaders. Personal leadership enables them to take charge of their lives and instill the same desire in their followers. It is a motivational leadership trait, that all leaders must have or strive to acquire.HYPERLINK http://www.buzzle.com/articles/leadership-qualities/ÂÂ   Confidence: Believing in their own abilities is an essential trait of a good leader. Unless and until he has confidence in his abilities he will not be able to lead effectively. Character: A leaders character plays a vital role in determining the effectiveness of hisHYPERLINK http://www.buzzle.com/articles/leadership-qualities/ÂÂ  HYPERLINK http://www.buzzle.com/articles/leadership/leadership. Trustworthiness and honesty are the two important aspects of a leaders character. Even a slight flaw in his character will lead to the followers, not believing in his ways. Therefore, he should follow all the setÂÂ  leadership principles. Communication: Effective communication is a vitalÂÂ  leadership traitÂÂ  of a good leader. He should be able to put across what needs to be done and how. At the same time, he should be willing to accept relevant suggestions from his subordinates. He should have the ability to listen, question, analyze and observe effectively. He should believes that actions speak louder than words. Knowledge: Being highly knowledgeable about his field of work is an essential characteristic of a good leader. Only when he himself is thorough with his field of work, will he be able to guide, solve problems and queries and train his subordinates appropriately. This is also a quality required for leadership development. Respect: A good leader does not demand or command respect, he earns it. Respect should not be restricted only from the followers to the leader, it needs to be mutual. All team players should be respected and if the leader sets an example for this, the team will follow undoubtedly. This could be a vital characteristic of a strong leader.ÂÂ   Vision: Being a good leader requires that the person is able to think, considering the future and giving it equal importance as the present. He should be able to successfully convince his followers and make them understand the need for change, which will ultimately result in the achievement of their common goals. Attitude: Sporting a positive attitude, even in the worst of situations is a characteristic of a good leader. He should be able to instill the same in his followers, by appropriate motivation and problem solving techniques. The attitude of a leader is an important determinant in the successful overcoming ofÂÂ  leadership challenges. Strategic Leadership: This is an important aspect ofÂÂ  andHYPERLINK http://www.buzzle.com/articles/leadership-activities/ÂÂ  HYPERLINK http://www.buzzle.com/articles/leadership-skills/leadership skills. This includes planning and organizing of team activities, allotment of tasks and responsibilities, effective time management, etc. And most importantly, to make a good leader, it is necessary to be passionate towards the work he does. His team should have a zeal towards the achievement of their goals.ÂÂ   The above mentioned traits of a good leader, can be acquired through variousÂÂ  leadership books, that talk about various aspects of good leadership likeÂÂ  transformational leadership,ÂÂ  leadership models, leadership strategies and differentÂÂ  leadership styles. There are also a number ofÂÂ  leadership programsÂÂ  andÂÂ  leadership courses, that can help train potential leaders in acquiring some of the characteristics of a good leader. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1 http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/leader/leadchr.html http://www.buzzle.com/articles/characteristics-of-a-good-leader.html Question 2 4 Qualities of Highly Successful People What if you can be, do or have anything you want, what would you desire in your life? Now do you believe it can happen? Yes? No? In the words of Henry Ford, If you think you can do a thing or think you cant do a thing, youre right. Well then what actually happens for those people who do seem to get everything they desire? Lets take a closer look. For one,ÂÂ  they know what they want. They do not give up when what they want does not happen. They keep moving forward. Everything they do is a success, because they dont see the results they are getting as failure. They are more educated and know what works and what doesnt. They press on! They are focused. If you have ever seen any professional sports players you know what focused people look like. Take a football player for example. I will use a line backer for this example. A line backer has to know where the runner is going and he has got to make split decisions as to what he is going to do. He is not thinking about what he is going to eat for dinner, he is not thinking about what his kids are doing, or what his next vacation is going to be. No, he is thinking about reading the runner and getting to the point where the runner is going to be and tackling him. What are you thinking about throughout the day? What do you think 30 days of focus would do for you in accomplishing your goal? I think it could have a huge impact. They know how to separate what is and what is not important. We have so many decisions to make everyday. We sometimes lose track of what day it is because of the number of things that we think about everyday. How many times have you started to work on something, and then you get a call from a friend to go out for lunch. You know you need to finish what you are doing. However, you find yourself saying, well, I have not seen my friend in two weeks, but I need to get this done. You then decide to go out to lunch with your friend and end up spending more time at lunch than you wanted. So now you are behind and have to stay back late in office and miss your childs game. When you are able to separate what is important from what is not, you will find yourself accomplishing your goals a lot faster, and find yourself doing more of what you want to do rather than things you have to do. They are committed. When it takes more than six months to accomplish a goal, people who are committed will stay the course to the very end. Most people want their goals accomplished in a week. Yes, there are short term goals; however, I am talking about long term goals. When you have a long term goal it can get a little overwhelming when things dont seem to be moving as fast as you would like. However, taking the time to see the big picture will help you stay focused and keep you motivated. Whatever goal you are looking to accomplish, take these 4 qualities and incorporate them into your action plan. If you have found yourself starting something and never finishing it, look into getting aÂÂ  coach, orÂÂ  mentorÂÂ  to help you stay on course.

My Native Language Essays -- Russian Personal Narrative Communication

My Native Language Is your native language something you take for granted? Well, for me it has been a struggle — a struggle with history, politics, society, and myself. Yet something guided me through it. I don't know what you heard about my native land — Belarus. For most of the world it is a new country, as four centuries of severe Russian assimilation devastated Belarusian culture. But some of it managed to survive, mostly in the villages. This shaped my biography. Although I was born in a city in the western part of then Byelorussian SSR1, the first six years of my life I spent in a village with my grandparents. I remember the manmade old woody gate to the orchard. I remember noises of storks on the roofs of the houses and frogs croaking in the evening. I remember the sounds of whistling "ts," "dz," tough "ch," "r," "dzh" people made while talking. "Volya..." I would hear from my great-grandparents, and I would feel proud as this word also meant "freedom." All of those sounds seemed to come from nature, creating feeling of harmony and peace. At the age of six, like thousands of other children in the 16 Republics of the Soviet Union, I entered a school in my native town, Brest. It was at school I noticed I spoke a different dialect than the other children. They said I had bad grammar and pronounced words in strange, "village" ways, ways they used to correct. I felt ashamed because of my lack of education. In those soviet 80s, for the city people "village" was almost a derogatory word. Little by little, I learned to speak correctly. But during vacations I went back to the village, and the world there worked in other sounds — in another language. I would no longer accept that language as it stood for som... ...an culture, I can afford it, because I am out of the country for most of the year. My parents use Belarusian in the city themselves when I am in Belarus. As for strangers, I chose to surprise them, sometimes meeting resistance or anger, sometimes recieveing thanks and cheers. It is a battle every time I leave my apartment in Brest. It is hard to get used to. But sometimes that what it takes to be who you are. When I visit my grandmother, she laughs: "Remember, when you were a kid you used to correct me when I said "stork" in Belarusian to "stork" in Russian, saying that now you knew how to say it correctly. Old people also know something about life." ENDNOTES: I use a different spelling of Belarus and Belarusian when I refer to the Soviet era, as before 1991 the country's name was translated to English from Russian as "Byelorussia" or "Byelorussian SSR."